Which serological test is used for diagnosing measles?

The serological test used for diagnosing measles is typically an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This test detects the presence of measles-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in the patient's serum, which are indicators of a recent infection. The ELISA method is sensitive and specific for measles virus, making it a reliable choice for diagnosis.

In addition to detecting IgM, ELISA can also measure immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, which can help determine immunity to measles. However, for acute infections, the detection of IgM is particularly critical, as it signifies that the infection is current.

Other methods, such as PCR testing, are useful but are more specific to viral detection rather than antibody response. Western blot and radioimmunoassay are less commonly used for measles diagnosis compared to the direct and effective approach provided by ELISA.