Which medication is known to contribute to hyperkalemia?

ACE inhibitors are known to contribute to hyperkalemia due to their mechanism of action, which interferes with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. ACE inhibitors prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to decreased aldosterone secretion. Aldosterone is responsible for promoting potassium excretion in the kidneys. When its levels decrease due to ACE inhibitor use, this can result in potassium retention, increasing the risk of hyperkalemia.

In contrast, while some diuretics can also influence potassium levels, thiazide diuretics tend to cause hypokalemia, and only specific potassium-sparing diuretics may contribute to hyperkalemia. Antibiotics generally do not have a direct effect on potassium levels, and beta-blockers do not commonly affect potassium homeostasis either. Thus, ACE inhibitors stand out as the medications most likely associated with elevated potassium levels.