Which condition is characterized by the absence of teeth?

The correct answer is the condition characterized by the absence of teeth, which is ectodermal dysplasia. Ectodermal dysplasia refers to a group of genetic disorders that affect the development of the ectoderm, which can lead to various abnormalities, one of which is the absence or abnormal formation of teeth. This condition often presents with hypohidrosis (decreased ability to sweat), sparse hair, and dental anomalies, including missing teeth (anodontia) or abnormal tooth shape.

In contrast, achondroplasia is a skeletal disorder primarily affecting bone growth, leading to short stature and disproportionate limb length, but it does not involve the absence of teeth. Neurofibromatosis is a genetic disorder that causes tumors to grow on nerve tissues and is characterized by skin changes and neurological symptoms rather than dental issues. Turner syndrome, a genetic condition affecting females characterized by the partial or complete absence of one X chromosome, can lead to various physical and medical challenges, but it doesn’t specifically cause the absence of teeth.

Therefore, ectodermal dysplasia is uniquely associated with the absence of teeth among the conditions listed.