What does a subdural hematoma involve?

A subdural hematoma specifically refers to the accumulation of blood that occurs between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater, which are the outer layers of the protective membranes covering the brain. This condition typically arises due to tearing of the bridging veins that traverse the subdural space, resulting in blood leaking into this area. The primary cause of these tears is often trauma, which can occur in situations such as falls or accidents, particularly in elderly individuals or those with certain risk factors.

By understanding the anatomy of the meninges and the mechanisms behind a subdural hematoma, it becomes clear how this type of hematoma is distinguished from other forms of bleeding within the cranial cavity. For instance, other types of hematomas, such as epidural hematomas, occur between the dura mater and the skull, while subarachnoid hemorrhages involve bleeding specifically in the subarachnoid space where cerebrospinal fluid circulates. Furthermore, direct bleeding into the ventricles is associated with different pathologies and is not characteristic of a subdural hematoma. Therefore, the correct description of a subdural hematoma is accurately captured by stating that it involves blood accumulation between the dura and arachnoid due to the