What condition is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the feet or ankles?

The condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the feet or ankles is pedal edema. This condition results from an increase in fluid retention in the lower extremities, often related to various underlying factors such as heart failure, kidney issues, or prolonged standing. It manifests as swelling and can be a sign of systemic problems like venous insufficiency or congestive heart failure where the body has difficulty managing fluid balance.

In contrast, the other options are associated with different pathophysiological processes. Hyperaldosteronism involves excess production of aldosterone, leading to increased sodium and fluid retention, which can cause systemic issues but is not specifically identified by localized swelling in the feet or ankles. Orthostatic hypotension refers to a drop in blood pressure when standing up, leading to symptoms like dizziness or fainting rather than localized fluid accumulation. Septic shock results from severe infections causing systemic inflammation and can lead to various types of edema, but it is an overall critical condition characterized by vascular collapse and not specifically by local fluid retention in the feet or ankles. Therefore, pedal edema is the most accurate representation of the condition specified in the question.