What condition could manifest with hematuria and hypertension?

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) can manifest with hematuria and hypertension due to the nature of the disease itself. In PKD, cysts form in the kidneys and can cause structural changes to the renal tissue. These cysts can rupture, leading to blood in the urine, hence hematuria. Additionally, the presence of cysts and the associated renal dysfunction can increase blood pressure due to various factors, including disrupted renal blood flow and increased renin production.

In contrast, chronic glomerulonephritis primarily leads to hematuria and proteinuria, with hypertension as a secondary effect. Hypertensive nephropathy is typically a consequence of chronic hypertension rather than a cause of both hematuria and hypertension occurring simultaneously. Diabetic nephropathy, while it can lead to renal complications and hypertension, is not typically characterized by hematuria in the early stages. The unique presentation of hematuria alongside hypertension in PKD makes it the most fitting answer in this case.