One of the complications of cystic fibrosis is the formation of what within the lungs?

The correct answer is the formation of cysts in the lungs as a complication of cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that impacts the function of chloride channels in epithelial cells, leading to the production of thick and sticky mucus. This abnormal mucus buildup primarily affects the respiratory and digestive systems.

In the lungs, the thick mucus obstructs airways and traps bacteria, creating an environment that can lead to chronic infections and inflammation. Over time, this process can cause damage to lung tissue and the formation of cysts. These cystic formations are fluid-filled spaces that develop as a result of the chronic inflammation and damage to the lung architecture.

In contrast, the other options provided are less relevant to the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis. Abscesses may occur in the context of infections but are not a primary characteristic associated with the disease. Fibromas and polyps are typically associated with different types of proliferative or neoplastic conditions and do not reflect the complications stemming from cystic fibrosis's characteristic mucus build-up and subsequent lung damage. Hence, cyst formation is the most accurate representation of a potential complication arising in the lungs of individuals with cystic fibrosis.