In the carrier state with high infectivity, what markers are positive?

Prepare for the COMAT Foundational Biomedical Science Exam with comprehensive questions. Study with flashcards and detailed explanations to boost your exam readiness and understanding.

In the carrier state with high infectivity for hepatitis B virus (HBV), the presence of both HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen) and HBeAg (Hepatitis B e antigen) indicates active viral replication and enhances the potential for transmission. HBsAg is an antigen that can be detected in the blood during an active HBV infection, essentially signifying that the virus is present. HBeAg is a marker of viral replication and is associated with increased infectivity. When both of these antigens are present, it reflects a high level of viral load, indicating that the individual has a significant risk of transmitting the virus to others.

In contrast, the other markers mentioned do not indicate a carrier state with high infectivity. For instance, anti-HBs signifies recovery and immunity but does not indicate active disease. Anti-HBc can be present in various phases of HBV infection, including resolved infections, but it does not provide a clear indication of current infectivity. While HBV DNA is indeed a marker of viral replication, it is not a surface or e antigen, and typically, the detection of HBsAg and HBeAg is more indicative of the carrier state in this particular context.

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