Cytotoxic antibody-mediated hypersensitivity primarily involves which immunoglobulins?

Cytotoxic antibody-mediated hypersensitivity, often referred to as Type II hypersensitivity, primarily involves the immunoglobulins IgM and IgG. In this response, antibodies bind to specific antigens on cell surfaces, which can lead to cell destruction through mechanisms such as complement activation or phagocytosis by immune cells.

IgM is the first antibody produced in response to an antigen and is particularly effective in forming complexes that activate the complement system. It binds strongly to antigens and is pivotal in targeting cells for destruction. IgG, on the other hand, provides the majority of antibody-based immunity against invading pathogens. Its ability to opsonize pathogens and activate complement pathways makes it crucial in cytotoxic responses.

The involvement of these immunoglobulins in this form of hypersensitivity is significant because they facilitate the immune response leading to the destruction of cells that have been labeled as targets, such as in autoimmune conditions or reactions to blood transfusions.

Other immunoglobulins mentioned in the choices, like IgE and IgA, have different roles in immune responses; IgE primarily mediates allergic responses and defense against parasitic infections, while IgA is mainly involved in mucosal immunity. IgD does not play a significant role in cyt